Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: postpositions ?
↓Manner/Place→ | Bilabial | Labiodental | Alveolar | Palato-alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ||||||
Stop | p b | t d | c | k g | q | |||
Affricate | ʤ | |||||||
Fricative | f v | z | x | h | ||||
Approximant | j | |||||||
Trill | r | |||||||
Lateral approximant | l |
Co-articulated phonemes
↓Manner/Place→ | Labial-velar |
---|---|
Approximant | w |
Vowel inventory:
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
High | i | u uː | |
Near-high | ɪ̘ | ||
High-mid | e | o | |
Mid | ə | ||
Low | a | ɑː |
Pronunciation | Spelling |
---|---|
Singular | No affix dog
|
Plural | Reduplicate last part of last syllable dogs
|
Definite | Indefinite | |
---|---|---|
Singular | the
|
a
|
Plural | the
|
some
|
Uses of definite article that differ from English:
Uses of indefinite article that differ from English:
1st singular | I, me, mine
|
2nd singular | you, yours
|
3rd singular masc | he, him, his, it, its
|
3rd singular fem | she, her, hers, it, its
|
1st plural | we, us, ours
|
2nd plural | you all, yours (pl)
|
3rd plural | they, them, theirs
|
1st singular | my
|
2nd singular | your
|
3rd singular masc | his
|
3rd singular fem | her
|
1st plural | our
|
2nd plural | your (pl)
|
3rd plural | their
|
Present | No affix learn
|
Past | If starts with vowel: Prefix k- Else: Prefix ka- learned
|
Remote past | If starts with vowel: Prefix ɑːfn- Else: Prefix ɑːfno- learned (long ago)
|
Future | Prefix s̼o- will learn
|
Imperfective | If starts with vowel: Prefix unkt- Else: Prefix unkti- learns/is learning
|
Perfect | Reduplicate last part of last syllable have learned
|
Khegdian has a base-10 number system:
1 -
2 -
3 -
4 -
5 -
6 -
7 -
8 -
9 -
10 -
100 -
1000 -
Adjective → adverb = Prefix cɪ̘-
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Suffix -ɪ̘
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Suffix -i
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -f
Else: Suffix -af
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -lvo
Else: Suffix -olvo
Noun to verb = If ends with vowel: Suffix -wʤ
Else: Suffix -ɪ̘wʤ
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = Prefix gi-
Tending to = Suffix -əb
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Prefix ɑː-
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -khu
Else: Suffix -akhu
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Suffix -ab
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -b
Else: Suffix -ub
Diminutive = Suffix -uː
Augmentative = If ends with vowel: Suffix -rt
Else: Suffix -ərt
Key: